Charles+Kelly

=**// Southwest //**= = = = = = //People// =
 * The Southwest was now located in the reigion we call Mexico and some of the United States


 * The people who lived there were the Apaches, Hohokams, Hopis, Navajos, and Pueblos
 * They lived in villages in homes made of adobe, built their own irrigation system to grow corn and other crops, and honored earth, sky, and water spirits.
 * All groups of Indians in this document lived in the southwest region.



= = =// Anasazi //=


 * The Anasazi were called "cliff dwellers"
 * They built their homes high on cliffs
 * Made and lived in adobe house just like the ones above and below
 * Hunted wolves,mountain lions,jack rabbits,gophers,and cottontails
 * Believed in god and evil spirits but not gods
 * Grew corn and other crops (as stated earlier)
 * **A.D. 700-1300**

=// Navajos //=
 * The Navajo's ancestors came from Northwestern Canada and Alaska
 * Settled in the Southwest region (specifically the U.S.)
 * Met the Pueblo Indians who knew how to plant melons, corn, beans and squash
 * After meeting the Pueblo Indians the Navojos began to setle near them so they could learn from the Pueblo Indians.
 * The Navajos live in **__hogans__** which were made from wooden poles, treebark, and mud
 * The doorway to these hogans were faced towards the east towards the sun



= //Pueblo// =


 * Descendants of the Anasazi
 * Mostly farmers
 * The men built a large underground chamber called __**kivas**__ for secret ceremonies
 * Kivas were used for an ancient ceremony for boys turning to men at the age of 13
 * Prayers included words and substances
 * Grew the same crops as previously mentioned groups
 * Made different assortment of crafts such as tools, pots, and baskets
 * **1200-1500s A.D.**
 * [[image:http://canyonart.com/Images/Acoma/p600-2B.jpg width="324" height="301"]] [[image:http://www.raybial.com/gallery/Pueblo/source/image/pueblo_object013.jpg]]

= //Apache// =
 * Occupied the plains and mountains of Arizona, New Mexico, and Mexico
 * Name probably came from the Zuni word apachu that means 'enemy'
 * Loved to hunt
 * Were good warriors as well
 * Men were hunters and warriors
 * Women stayed home to take care of children
 * Most apache families lived in __**wickiups**__ which were made from simple wooden frams covered by a matting brush and sometimes a bufflo-hide traps

= //Hohokams// =


 * Hohokams are farmers who planted beans, squash, and corn
 * Their name Hohokams is translated "Vanished Ones"
 * They lived near the Gila River in what we now call Arizona
 * They have many skills in irrigation from the civilizations of Middle America
 * The Hohokams built temple mounds and ball courts, as the Mayans did
 * Unfortunately the Hohokams had to leave due to drought



= //Summary// = = =

=
The people of the Southwest are a very interesting people. Since they lived in the desert there wasn't that much of a water source. That didn't stop these Indians though. They built an irrigation system to get water from a water source around them. These Indians had to adjust to their surroundings and built their settlements close to rivers for them to get a source water. Some of these Indians had to get the lay of the land because they've come from Canada and Alaska. Mamy other people would've come and died without living a full life, but not these Indians they toughed it out and stay alive and now we know them as Native Amercans.'=====

= //Review Questions// =

1. How did the Indians get water from the desert?
A: By using irrigation systems adapted from the Mayans

2. What were the southwest Indian's main crop? A: Corn

3. Where did most of the Indian tribes come from? A: Northwest Canada and Alaska

4. What were the houses made of? A: Adobe, wooden sticks, buffalo skin, and mud.

5. Which way did hogan doorways face? A:The east facing towards the sun.

= //Source Cited// =

http://www.raybial.com/galley/Navajo/sourcce/image/nav_home003.jpg http://inkido.idiana.edu/w310work/omac/indians.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puebloan-_peoples http://www.mce.k12tn.net/indians/reports2/pueblo2.htm http:canyonart.com/Image/Acoma/p600-2B.jpg Prentice Hall World History Connections To Today Volume One http://www.bigorrin.org/apache_kids.htm